confounding

英 [kənˈfaʊndɪŋ]

美 [kənˈfaʊndɪŋ]

v.  使困惑惊讶; 使惊疑; 证明…有错; 击败，战胜(敌人)
confound的现在分词

现在分词：confounding　

BNC.44060 / COCA.24140

柯林斯词典

• VERB 使困惑;使惊讶
  If someone or somethingconfoundsyou, they make you feel surprised or confused, often by showing you that your opinions or expectations of them were wrong.
  1. He momentarily confounded his critics by his cool handling of the hostage crisis...
     他对人质危机的冷静处理一时让批评者们惊讶不已。
  2. The choice of Governor may confound us all.
     州长的选择可能会让我们所有人感到困惑。

英英释义

adj

• that confounds or contradicts or confuses
  Synonym:contradictory

双语例句

• Caffeine intake was associated with a significantly lower risk for AD, independently of other possible confounding variables.
  咖啡因摄入量与AD风险降低明显相关，不依赖于其他伴随因子。
• He accepted that there was potential for a confounding bias in such observational registries.
  他认为在这种观察性研究中存在着混杂偏倚。
• He is good at confounding black and white and telling lies.
  他善于颠倒黑白，睁着眼睛说瞎话。
• After all, it was a small-sample study, conducted over a mere five days, with plenty of potentially confounding variables in the design.
  毕竟，这只是为期五天的一个小样本研究，设计中存在大量潜在混淆的变量。
• The findings are subject to selection bias and confounding, which will have been minimised but not eliminated by propensity score matching.
  该发现是受选择偏倚和混杂设计的影响，这些可以通过倾向评分匹配最大限度的降低但不能消除。
• Although study limitations included observational design, the authors thought it unlikely that confounding by indication could explain the findings.
  虽然研究的局限性包括观察性设计，作者仍认为用这些迹象的混淆来解释这些发现是不可能的。
• Limitations of this study include reliance on recall of diet and URTI, possible misclassification of exposure because of the timing of data collection, and possible residual confounding.
  本研究的局限性包括对饮食和URTI回忆的依赖、由于数据收集的限制所可能造成的对暴露的错误分类，以及可能残留的混杂因素。
• Daytime and nighttime systolic blood pressure predicted all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, coronary heart disease, and stroke, independently from office blood pressure and confounding variables.
  白天和夜间收缩压可预测总体的心血管死亡率、冠心病、中风，数据独立的来自于工作时血压和其他一些混杂情况。
• That makes the lethality of white-nose syndrome that much more confounding.
  这就让白鼻综合症的致命性越发令人不解。
• Limitations of this study include possible unmeasured confounding and lack of data concerning cryptorchidism, which is another potential cause of infertility and testicular cancer.
  这项研究的限制包括可能未评量的干扰因素，以及缺乏有关隐睾症相关的数据，这是另一个造成不孕症与睾丸癌的潜在原因。