penalty

英 [ˈpenəlti]

美 [ˈpenəlti]

n.  惩罚; 处罚; 刑罚; 害处; 不利; (对犯规者的)判罚

复数：penalties　

CET6考研TOEFLIELTSGRETEM8经济

Collins.3 / BNC.2298 / COCA.2680

同义词辨析

penaltypunishment【导航词义：惩罚，处罚】

习惯用语

n.

pay the penalty (for sth/for doing sth)pay a/the price (for sth/for doing sth)
• 因…受害 / 付代价
  to suffer because of bad luck, a mistake or sth you have done
• He looked terrible this morning. I think he's paying the penalty for all those late nights.
  他今天上午脸色很不好，我想这是他一直熬夜造成的。
• They're now paying the price for past mistakes.
  他们现在正在为过去的错误付出代价。

牛津词典

noun

• 惩罚；处罚；刑罚
  a punishment for breaking a law, rule or contract
  1. to impose a penalty
     予以惩罚
  2. Assault carries a maximum penalty of seven years' imprisonment.
     侵犯人身罪可判处最高七年的监禁。
  3. The penalty for travelling without a ticket is £200.
     无票乘车的罚款为200英镑。
  4. Contractors who fall behind schedule incur heavy financial penalties.
     承包商如延误工期将被处以巨额罚款。
  5. a penalty clause in a contract
     合同中的惩罚条款
  6. You can withdraw money from the account at any time without penalty .
     您可以随时从账户中提款，不收罚金。
• 害处；不利
  a disadvantage suffered as a result of sth
  1. One of the penalties of fame is loss of privacy.
     成名的弊端之一是失掉了隐私。
• （对犯规者的）判罚，处罚
  a disadvantage given to a player or a team when they break a rule
  1. He incurred a ten-second penalty in the first round.
     他在第一轮受到停赛十秒钟的处罚。
• 点球；罚点球得分
  a chance to score a goal or point without any defending players, except the goalkeeper , trying to stop it; the goal or point that is given if it is successful. This chance is given because the other team has broken the rules.
  1. Two minutes later Ford equalized with a penalty.
     两分钟后，福特以一记点球将比分扳平。
  2. We were awarded a penalty after a late tackle.
     对方铲球犯规后，我们得到了一个点球。
  3. I volunteered to take the penalty (= be the person who tries to score the goal/point) .
     我自愿主罚点球。
  4. He missed a penalty in the last minute of the game.
     在比赛的最后一刻，他罚失了点球。

柯林斯词典

• N-COUNT 刑罚；处罚；惩罚
  Apenaltyis a punishment that someone is given for doing something which is against a law or rule.
  1. One of those arrested could face the death penalty...
     被捕的那些人中有一人可能被判死刑。
  2. The maximum penalty is up to 7 years imprisonment or an unlimited fine.
     最高处罚是最多7年监禁或者无上限罚款。
• N-COUNT 罚球；点球
  In sports such as football, rugby, and hockey, apenaltyis an opportunity to score a goal, which is given to the attacking team if the defending team breaks a rule near their own goal.
  1. Referee Michael Reed had no hesitation in awarding a penalty...
     裁判迈克尔·里德毫不犹豫地判了点球。
  2. Jonathan Davies scored a penalty goal.
     乔纳森·戴维斯点球得分。
• N-COUNT 惩罚；报应；不利后果
  The penaltythat you pay for something you have done is something unpleasant that you experience as a result.
  1. Why should I pay the penalty for somebody else's mistake?...
     为什么我要代人受过？
  2. It's a penalty of us being girls — sons have an easy time.
     这是我们身为女孩的弊端——男孩子们过得轻松。

英英释义

noun

• the act of punishing
  Synonym:punishmentpenalizationpenalisation
• (games) a handicap or disadvantage that is imposed on a competitor (or a team) for an infraction of the rules of the game
• the disadvantage or painful consequences of an action or condition
  1. neglected his health and paid the penalty
• a payment required for not fulfilling a contract

双语例句

• Supporters of the death penalty argue that it would deter criminals from carrying guns
  死刑的支持者认为它能阻吓罪犯携带枪支。
• The maximum penalty is up to 7 years imprisonment or an unlimited fine.
  最高处罚是最多7年监禁或者无上限罚款。
• The ref gave a penalty and Zidane scored.
  裁判判罚点球，齐达内操刀命中。
• It was more nerve-wracking than taking a World Cup penalty.
  这比在世界杯上罚点球还扣人心弦。
• The House of Commons is to debate once again whether to bring back the death penalty.
  下议院将再次就是否恢复死刑展开辩论。
• The Government of Jamaica consider it imprudent to abolish the death penalty.
  牙买加政府认为废除死刑是轻率之举。
• There have now been 139 executions since the death penalty was reinstated in 1976.
  自1976年恢复死刑以来共有139人被处决。
• It was a crime of espionage and carried the death penalty.
  这是间谍罪，应判死刑。
• The following year Parliament voted to abolish the death penalty for murder
  议会于翌年表决对谋杀罪废除死刑。
• Amnesty International opposes the death penalty as a violation of the right to life.
  国际特赦组织反对死刑，称其违背了生命权。